How to Connecting 2 computers to LAN UTP Cable

How to Connecting 2 computers to LAN UTP Cable

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One way is to connect two computers using a network cable or commonly known as UTP cable. Technique connect two computers directly with UTP cable is included in the model of peer to peer or point-to-point.

In order for two computers can communicate with each other, at least there are 3 things we should do, namely:

1. Make sure both computers have been installed Network Card drivers.
2. Prepare UTP cable with cable arrangement Cross Over
3. Set IP Address both computers with different IP address but with the same subnet. For example:

                   A computer IP address: 192.168.0.1 with a subnet mask: 255.255.255.0
                    B computer IP address: 192.168.0.2 with a subnet mask: 255.255.255.0

After Cross Over UTP cable installed, the next step is setting up the IP address manually on each computer, here's how the computer with OS Windows XP:

1. Click Start - Control Panel, double-click Network Connections.
2. Right click on the Local Area Connection icon, click Properties
3. In the Local Area Connection Properties window, highlight Internet Protocol (TCP / IP), then click the Properties button as shown below.
4. Will open the window of Internet Protocol (TCP / IP) Properties, fill in the IP address as shown above.
5. Do the same thing on the other computer. Set with different IP addresses.

       To test the communication between two computers has been successful, PING commands between computers through the command prompt, if successful will appear Repply message as shown below.

     If the computer can not ping each other, check the following:

1. Check UTP Cross Over cable connections are correct
2. Make sure that the LAN adapter is active (enable)
3. Check the IP Address both computers, whether it is a single subnet
4. Turn off the Firewall or enable (check) the option File and Printer Sharing in Windows Firewall Exception.

      If both computers are connected to each other then we can share data or resources between computers, such as using the printer sharing or exchanging short messages over the network. For how to share data between computers on the network I will discuss in the next post.

Classification of Computers | Types of Computer 1st Year IT Notes | Computer Notes

Classification of Computers | Types of Computer 1st Year IT Notes | Computer Notes

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Classification of Computers

Types of Computers

1. Analog Computers

Analog computers are used to process continuous data. Analog computers represent variables by physical quantities. Thus any computer which solve problem by translating physical conditions such as flow, temperature, pressure, angular position or voltage into related mechanical or electrical related circuits as an analog for the physical phenomenon being investigated in general it is a computer which uses an analog quantity and produces analog values as output. Thus an analog computer measures continuously. Analog computers are very much speedy. They produce their results very fast. But their results are approximately correct. All the analog computers are special purpose computers.
2. Digital Computers

Digital computer represents physical quantities with the help of digits or numbers. These numbers are used to perform Arithmetic calculations and also make logical decision to reach a conclusion, depending on, the data they receive from the user.
3. Hybrid Computers

Various specifically designed computers are with both digital and analog characteristics combining the advantages of analog and digital computers when working as a system. Hybrid computers are being used extensively in process control system where it is necessary to have a close representation with the physical world.

The hybrid system provides the good precision that can be attained with analog computers and the greater control that is possible with digital computers, plus the ability to accept the input data in either form.

Classification of Computers According to Size
1. Super Computers

Large scientific and research laboratories as well as the government organizations have extra ordinary demand for processing data which required tremendous processing speed, memory and other services which may not be provided with any other category to meet their needs. Therefore very large computers used are called Super Computers. These computers are extremely expensive and the speed is measured in billions of instructions per seconds.
2. Main Frame Computers

The most expensive, largest and the most quickest or speedy computer are called mainframe computers. These computers are used in large companies, factories, organizations etc. the mainframe computers are the most expensive computers, they cost more than 20 million rupees. In this computers 150 users are able to work on one C.P.U. The mainframes are able to process 1 to 8 bits at a time. They have several hundreds of megabytes of primary storage and operate at a speed measured in nano second.
3. Mini Computers

Mini computers are smaller than mainframes, both in size and other facilities such as speed, storage capacity and other services. They are versatile that they can be fitted where ever they are needed. Their speeds are rated between one and fifty million instructions per second (MIPS). They have primary storage in hundred to three hundred megabytes range with direct access storage device.
4. Micro Computers

These are the smallest range of computers. They were introduced in the early 70’s having less storing space and processing speed. Micro computers of todays are equivalent to the mini computers of yesterday in terms of performing and processing. They are also called “computer of a chip” because its entire circuitry is contained in one tiny chip. The micro computers have a wide range of applications including uses as portable computer that can be plugged into any wall.
5. Laptop Computers

The smallest computer in size has been developed. This type of small computers look like an office brief case and called "LAPTOP" computer. The laptops are also termed as "PORTABLE COMPUTERS." Due to the small size and light weight, they become popular among the computer users. The businessmen found laptop very useful, during traveling and when they are far away frm their desktop computers. A typical laptop computer has all the facilities available in microcomputer. The smallest laptops are called "PALMTOP".

How to Recover unsaved Word Document (2010/2007/2003/2002)

How to Recover unsaved Word Document (2010/2007/2003/2002)

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Have you ever closed word document without saving. I am sure every single user will do this once in a life. MS word provides an option to setup auto recovery of documents. This can be happen in any version of Word document.
To repair Word 2010: You can use two methods:

1)  First Method:

File menu>>click Recent>>Click Recover Unsaved Documents.

2) Second Method:

Select File > Options > Save>>Select the Save AutoRecover information every … Minutes

 

Once it done, set the time interval to something like 20 min or 30 min as per your requirements. Then, Select the "Keep the last autosaved version if I close without saving" check-box. After that Browse and select another location if you do not like the default autorecover file location. Click OK to save the settings.
 

Just like word 2010, you can also use autorecover feature in Word 2007, 2003, 2002. But the steps are little bit different. Here are all steps:
 

Word 2007

 
1.Microsoft Office Button>>Word Options.
2.In the Navigation Pane, click Save.
3.In the AutoRecover file location box, note the path, and then click Cancel.
4.Close Word.
5.Open the folder that you noted in step 3.
6.Look for files whose names end in .asd.
 

Word 2003 and Word 2002

 
1.Tools menu>>Options.
2. File Locations>>AutoRecover files>>note the path>>Cancel>> close.
3.Close Word.
4.Locate the AutoRecover file location.
5.Look for files whose names end in .asd.

Final Note: When you are opening the unsaved word document then you can also use Open and Repair option for troubleshooting word documents that might have got corrupted or damaged.

Make Icons Background Transparent in Windows XP

Make Icons Background Transparent in Windows XP

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If you’ve been wondering why your XP desktop icons have a background color, you’ll be glad to know you can flip a checkbox and have them go back to a normal transparent background.

See the two below:

To set the transparent background on the icons, we’ll need to open System Properties in Control Panel (or right-click on My Computer and select Properties).

In this dialog, click the Advanced tab, and then the Settings button under the Performance section.

Now scroll down to the button where you’ll find a checkbox for “Use drop shadows for icon labels on the desktop”. Make sure you check this box if you want transparent backgrounds on the icons.

Why this option isn’t just labeled “Enable Transparent Icons On the Desktop”, I just can’t say.

if checking it doesn’t fix your problem there is another step you must do. Follow this procedure:
Control Panel > Display > Desktop > Customize Desktop > Web > Uncheck everything here > OK > Apply  

Daisy Wheel Printer Detail and Pictures

Daisy Wheel Printer Detail and Pictures

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Information Of Daisy Wheel Printer 2 

A type of printer that produces letter-quality type. A daisy-wheel printer works on the same principle as a ball-head typewriter. The daisy wheel is a disk made of plastic or metal on which characters stand out in relief along the outer edge. To print a character, the printer rotates the disk until the desired letter is facing the paper. Then a hammer strikes the disk, forcing the character to hit an ink ribbon, leaving an impression of the character on the paper. You can change the daisy wheel to print different fonts.

Daisy-wheel printers cannot print graphics, and in general they are noisy and slow, printing from 10 to about 75 characters per second. As the price of laser and ink-jet printers has declined, and the quality of dot-matrix printers has improved, daisy-wheel printers have become obsolete. 

Information Of Daisy Wheel Printer 2

Typewriter History

The Reverend Kaley of Carey

and his Daisywheel Typewriter

John Andrew Kaley

On this day in 1883, the Reverend John Andrew Kaley, of Carey, Ohio, applied for a US patent for a “type-writing machine” using a daisywheel.

A modern daisywheel typewriter

In his specifications, Kaley described his daisywheel thus:  “The types are arranged upon the outer ends of arms radiating from a common centre, and as a whole in the general shape of a concave disk of metal. [The typeslugs comprise] alphabets of small and capital letters, and numerals and punctuation and other marks, arranged in concentric circles at the outer ends of the arms, said arms being springs. The types may be of rubber cemented to the metal, or they may be of other material and otherwise attached to the arms, or may be one with the arms …

“By thus arranging the type-disk, a number of disks containing a variety of type may be readily employed on any one machine.”

Kaley's daisywheel

A more modern daisywheel

John Andrew Kaley was born, one of 12 children, in Union County, Pennsylvania, on March 31, 1845. His family moved to Carey, Ohio, when he was still a child. Three days before his 19th birthday, on March 28, 1864, Kaley enlisted in the Union Army’s Signals Corps. He served in the Civil War for two years, later writing of the experience, “There I learned the use and handling of myself. While in camp I made my way through Ray's Arithmetic, a feat performed by perhaps no other soldier of the war.”

After the war, Kaley taught school for a few years then entered the Lutheran Wittenberg College in Springfield, Ohio. On graduation he took up a three-year Theological Seminary course in New England, first at Andover, Massachusetts (later part of Harvard), and the last year at Yale. He graduated in 1875.

Kaley then preached for three years in New England before travelling through Europe, Egypt, Sinai and Palestine. On his return to Carey, he applied for a patent for his typewriter invention. In the late 1880s, while  living in Carson City, Michigan, he patented a “privy [toilet] seat”.

Kaley served Vermilion’s First Congregational Church from 1895 to 1904, then a church in Little Valley, New York, before returning to Ohio and serving various parishes in the state, retiring from pastoral duties in 1908. He settled in Elyria, Lorain County, Ohio, where he continued some preaching on Cleveland radio. He died in Elyria, aged 93, on December 13, 1938.

Lowell, 100 years after Kaley

Kaley continued to dabble in inventing into the early 1930s, patenting a paring machine and a shoe stretcher.

Kaley’s typewriter patent, issued in May 1885, was referenced a century later by Herman H.Lowell for his “spoked multiple-wheel printer”. Others to reference it were Ta Cheng Ku and Donald J.Stiles of IBM for a cup-shaped printer and Robert E.Boyden for a single element flexible type drum, both in 1976 (both came under the category of “thimble printers”). In 1987 Roy J.Lahr referenced Kaley’s splitable keyboard.

Martin Howard Collection

The first typewriter to go into production using a daisywheel was the Victor, which was invented by Arthur Irving Jacobs, of Hartford, Connecticut (1858-1918) in 1888. Jacobs also invented the drill chuck.